The Kurdish population, first dispersed in several empires and then contemporary States, is currently the world’s biggest stateless nation. To try to understand this, we were pleased to interview one of the most eminent experts on the topic. Hamit Bozarslan, Doctor of History and Political Science, Director of Studies at the EHSS (School of Advanced Studies in Social Sciences). His research topics are varied, History of contemporary Turkey, the Kurdish issue, minorities of the Middle East, sociology of violence in this region. It is one of the most complex issues in the Middle East, for one reason alone: the Kurds are present in four States, namely Syria, Iraq, Turkey and Iran. However, each of these States rejects to varying degrees the Kurds’ aspirations for independence or even autonomy. In all, between 30 and 40 million men and women are affected by the Kurdish issue, which, of course, concerns the entire region.