The Strategic Dynamics and Trajectory of the Current U.S.–Israel–Iran Conflict
The current conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran represents one of the most significant and potentially transformative crises in the Middle East. The escalation of hostilities has drawn global attention, not only for its immediate military consequences but also for the profound political, social, and economic implications it holds for the region and […]
Iraq Facing the Risk of Being Drawn into the Confrontation Between Washington and Tehran
An Arena of Indirect Confrontation Between Washington and Tehran Since the US–Israeli attacks against Iran more than two weeks ago, Iraq has been on the verge of becoming a space of confrontation in a conflict that is intensifying and expanding at the regional level, even though the Iraqi state itself is not officially involved in […]
The Federal Budget as an Instrument of Political Conflict in Iraq: Baghdad and Erbil Relations
Since the adoption of the 2005 Iraqi Constitution, Iraq has formally operated as a federal state. The aim was to distribute authority over natural resources, fiscal powers, and regional autonomy. The Constitution establishes joint ownership of oil and gas (Articles 111-112) and recognizes the Kurdistan Region and its authorities (Articles 117, 121, 141). It also […]
External and Internal Factors Behind the Setbacks in Rojava (Syrian Kurds)
The political entity that the Kurds in Syria developed in the aftermath of the Syrian popular uprising of 2011 was the result of years of struggle and resistance by the Kurdish people in Syria. However, it is not possible to overlook two fundamental factors that led to its emergence, expansion and consolidation. First, the weakening […]
The Aorta of the World Economy: The 2026 Strait of Hormuz Crisis
The 1980s Tanker War and the 2026 Crisis: A Historical Comparison To situate the present crisis analytically, it is essential to engage seriously with the historical precedent most frequently invoked by policymakers and commentators: the Tanker War of 1984 to 1988, which constituted the last major episode of systematic maritime interdiction in the Persian Gulf. […]