A new wave of transformation is sweeping across the Middle East, making the region more fluid than ever. All regional powers are navigating potential shifts, while socioeconomic conditions remain far more fragile than institutional framework. The events of October 7th have shattered old structures and regimes, yet no clear new order has taken shape. These upheavals are also impacting the Kurds across all four countries where they reside, leaving them caught between the prospect of peace and the persistence of conflict.