This article explores the long-standing and increasingly hostile relationship between Iran and Israel, shaped by over four decades of competition, conflict, and ideological confrontation.

At the crossroads of the Syrian desert and history, Palmyra embodies the major geopolitical stakes of both past and present Syria. From ancient city to strategic battleground, it is now central to the rivalries between regional powers such as Turkey, Israel, and Iran. This article explores how Palmyra has become a symbol of the broader struggle to remake post-Assad Syria.